return DifficultyAttributes instead of StarResult

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 - added internal binary crate `pp-gen` to calculate difficulty & pp values via `PerformanceCalculator.dll`
 - [BREAKING] Instead of returning `PpResult`, performance calculations now return `PerformanceAttributes` depending on the mode.
+- [BREAKING] Instead of returning `StarResult`, difficulty calculations now return `DifficultyAttributes` depending on the mode.
 - osu: Updated up to commit [6944151486e677bfd11f2390163aca9161defbbf](https://github.com/ppy/osu/commit/6944151486e677bfd11f2390163aca9161defbbf) (2021-10-27)
 
 # v0.2.3

src/fruits/mod.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use slider_state::SliderState;
 use crate::{
     curve::Curve,
     parse::{HitObjectKind, Pos2},
-    Beatmap, Mods, StarResult, Strains,
+    Beatmap, Mods, Strains,
 };
 
 const SECTION_LENGTH: f32 = 750.0;
@@ -30,9 +30,13 @@ const LEGACY_LAST_TICK_OFFSET: f32 = 36.0;
 ///
 /// In case of a partial play, e.g. a fail, one can specify the amount of passed objects.
 // Slider parsing based on https://github.com/osufx/catch-the-pp
-pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> StarResult {
+pub fn stars(
+    map: &Beatmap,
+    mods: impl Mods,
+    passed_objects: Option<usize>,
+) -> DifficultyAttributes {
     if map.hit_objects.len() < 2 {
-        return StarResult::Fruits(DifficultyAttributes::default());
+        return DifficultyAttributes::default();
     }
 
     let take = passed_objects.unwrap_or(usize::MAX);
@@ -255,16 +259,14 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
 
     let stars = movement.difficulty_value().sqrt() * STAR_SCALING_FACTOR;
 
-    let attributes = DifficultyAttributes {
+    DifficultyAttributes {
         stars,
         ar: attributes.ar,
         n_fruits: fruits,
         n_droplets: droplets,
         n_tiny_droplets: tiny_droplets,
         max_combo: fruits + droplets,
-    };
+    }
-
-    StarResult::Fruits(attributes)
 }
 
 /// Essentially the same as the `stars` function but instead of

src/fruits/pp.rs

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ impl<'m> FruitsPP<'m> {
         self
     }
 
-    fn assert_hitresults(&mut self, attributes: &DifficultyAttributes) {
+    fn assert_hitresults(self, attributes: DifficultyAttributes) -> FruitsPPInner {
         let correct_combo_hits = self
             .n_fruits
             .and_then(|f| self.n_droplets.map(|d| f + d + self.n_misses))
@@ -232,25 +232,56 @@ impl<'m> FruitsPP<'m> {
                 .saturating_sub(n_tiny_droplets)
                 .saturating_sub(n_tiny_droplet_misses);
 
-            self.n_fruits.replace(n_fruits);
+            return FruitsPPInner {
-            self.n_droplets.replace(n_droplets);
+                attributes,
-            self.n_tiny_droplets.replace(n_tiny_droplets);
+                mods: self.mods,
-            self.n_tiny_droplet_misses.replace(n_tiny_droplet_misses);
+                combo: self.combo,
+                n_fruits,
+                n_droplets,
+                n_tiny_droplets,
+                n_tiny_droplet_misses,
+                n_misses: self.n_misses,
+            };
+        }
+
+        FruitsPPInner {
+            attributes,
+            mods: self.mods,
+            combo: self.combo,
+            n_fruits: self.n_fruits.unwrap_or(0),
+            n_droplets: self.n_droplets.unwrap_or(0),
+            n_tiny_droplets: self.n_tiny_droplets.unwrap_or(0),
+            n_tiny_droplet_misses: self.n_tiny_droplet_misses.unwrap_or(0),
+            n_misses: self.n_misses,
         }
     }
 
     /// Returns an object which contains the pp and [`DifficultyAttributes`](crate::fruits::DifficultyAttributes)
     /// containing stars and other attributes.
     pub fn calculate(mut self) -> PerformanceAttributes {
-        let attributes = self.attributes.take().unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let attributes = self
-            stars(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects)
+            .attributes
-                .attributes()
+            .take()
-                .unwrap()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| stars(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects));
-        });
 
-        // Make sure all objects are set
+        self.assert_hitresults(attributes).calculate()
-        self.assert_hitresults(&attributes);
+    }
+}
 
+struct FruitsPPInner {
+    attributes: DifficultyAttributes,
+    mods: u32,
+    combo: Option<usize>,
+    n_fruits: usize,
+    n_droplets: usize,
+    n_tiny_droplets: usize,
+    n_tiny_droplet_misses: usize,
+    n_misses: usize,
+}
+
+impl FruitsPPInner {
+    fn calculate(self) -> PerformanceAttributes {
+        let attributes = &self.attributes;
         let stars = attributes.stars;
 
         // Relying heavily on aim
@@ -310,24 +341,25 @@ impl<'m> FruitsPP<'m> {
             pp *= 0.9;
         }
 
-        PerformanceAttributes { attributes, pp }
+        PerformanceAttributes {
+            attributes: self.attributes,
+            pp,
+        }
     }
 
     #[inline]
     fn combo_hits(&self) -> usize {
-        self.n_fruits.unwrap_or(0) + self.n_droplets.unwrap_or(0) + self.n_misses
+        self.n_fruits + self.n_droplets + self.n_misses
     }
 
     #[inline]
     fn successful_hits(&self) -> usize {
-        self.n_fruits.unwrap_or(0)
+        self.n_fruits + self.n_droplets + self.n_tiny_droplets
-            + self.n_droplets.unwrap_or(0)
-            + self.n_tiny_droplets.unwrap_or(0)
     }
 
     #[inline]
     fn total_hits(&self) -> usize {
-        self.successful_hits() + self.n_tiny_droplet_misses.unwrap_or(0) + self.n_misses
+        self.successful_hits() + self.n_tiny_droplet_misses + self.n_misses
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -481,42 +513,38 @@ mod test {
         let n_tiny_droplet_misses = 20;
         let n_misses = 2;
 
-        let mut calculator = FruitsPP::new(&map)
+        let calculator = FruitsPP::new(&map)
             .attributes(attributes.clone())
             .passed_objects(total_objects)
             .fruits(n_fruits)
             .droplets(n_droplets)
             .tiny_droplets(n_tiny_droplets)
             .tiny_droplet_misses(n_tiny_droplet_misses)
-            .misses(n_misses);
+            .misses(n_misses)
-
+            .assert_hitresults(attributes.clone());
-        calculator.assert_hitresults(&attributes);
 
         assert!(
-            (attributes.n_fruits as i32 - calculator.n_fruits.unwrap() as i32).abs()
+            (attributes.n_fruits as i32 - calculator.n_fruits as i32).abs() <= n_misses as i32,
-                <= n_misses as i32,
             "Expected: {} | Actual: {} [+/- {} misses]",
             attributes.n_fruits,
-            calculator.n_fruits.unwrap(),
+            calculator.n_fruits,
             n_misses
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
             attributes.n_droplets,
-            calculator.n_droplets.unwrap()
+            calculator.n_droplets - (n_misses - (attributes.n_fruits - calculator.n_fruits)),
-                - (n_misses - (attributes.n_fruits - calculator.n_fruits.unwrap())),
             "Expected: {} | Actual: {}",
             attributes.n_droplets,
-            calculator.n_droplets.unwrap()
+            calculator.n_droplets - (n_misses - (attributes.n_fruits - calculator.n_fruits)),
-                - (n_misses - (attributes.n_fruits - calculator.n_fruits.unwrap())),
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
             attributes.n_tiny_droplets,
-            calculator.n_tiny_droplets.unwrap() + calculator.n_tiny_droplet_misses.unwrap(),
+            calculator.n_tiny_droplets + calculator.n_tiny_droplet_misses,
             "Expected: {} | Actual: {}",
             attributes.n_tiny_droplets,
-            calculator.n_tiny_droplets.unwrap() + calculator.n_tiny_droplet_misses.unwrap(),
+            calculator.n_tiny_droplets + calculator.n_tiny_droplet_misses,
         );
     }
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -215,12 +215,16 @@ impl BeatmapExt for Beatmap {
                 {
                     #[cfg(feature = "no_leniency")]
                     {
-                        osu::no_leniency::stars(self, mods, passed_objects)
+                        StarResult::Osu(osu::no_leniency::stars(self, mods, passed_objects))
                     }
 
                     #[cfg(all(not(feature = "no_leniency"), feature = "no_sliders_no_leniency"))]
                     {
-                        osu::no_sliders_no_leniency::stars(self, mods, passed_objects)
+                        StarResult::Osu(osu::no_sliders_no_leniency::stars(
+                            self,
+                            mods,
+                            passed_objects,
+                        ))
                     }
 
                     #[cfg(all(
@@ -229,7 +233,7 @@ impl BeatmapExt for Beatmap {
                         feature = "all_included"
                     ))]
                     {
-                        osu::all_included::stars(self, mods, passed_objects)
+                        StarResult::Osu(osu::all_included::stars(self, mods, passed_objects))
                     }
 
                     #[cfg(not(any(
@@ -245,21 +249,21 @@ impl BeatmapExt for Beatmap {
                 panic!("`mania` feature is not enabled");
 
                 #[cfg(feature = "mania")]
-                mania::stars(self, mods, passed_objects)
+                StarResult::Mania(mania::stars(self, mods, passed_objects))
             }
             GameMode::TKO => {
                 #[cfg(not(feature = "taiko"))]
                 panic!("`osu` feature is not enabled");
 
                 #[cfg(feature = "taiko")]
-                taiko::stars(self, mods, passed_objects)
+                StarResult::Taiko(taiko::stars(self, mods, passed_objects))
             }
             GameMode::CTB => {
                 #[cfg(not(feature = "fruits"))]
                 panic!("`fruits` feature is not enabled");
 
                 #[cfg(feature = "fruits")]
-                fruits::stars(self, mods, passed_objects)
+                StarResult::Fruits(fruits::stars(self, mods, passed_objects))
             }
         }
     }

src/mania/mod.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ mod strain;
 pub use pp::*;
 use strain::Strain;
 
-use crate::{parse::HitObject, Beatmap, GameMode, Mods, StarResult, Strains};
+use crate::{parse::HitObject, Beatmap, GameMode, Mods, Strains};
 
 const SECTION_LEN: f32 = 400.0;
 const STAR_SCALING_FACTOR: f32 = 0.018;
@@ -14,11 +14,15 @@ const STAR_SCALING_FACTOR: f32 = 0.018;
 /// Star calculation for osu!mania maps
 ///
 /// In case of a partial play, e.g. a fail, one can specify the amount of passed objects.
-pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> StarResult {
+pub fn stars(
+    map: &Beatmap,
+    mods: impl Mods,
+    passed_objects: Option<usize>,
+) -> DifficultyAttributes {
     let take = passed_objects.unwrap_or_else(|| map.hit_objects.len());
 
     if take < 2 {
-        return StarResult::Mania(DifficultyAttributes::default());
+        return DifficultyAttributes::default();
     }
 
     let rounded_cs = map.cs.round();
@@ -86,7 +90,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
 
     let stars = strain.difficulty_value() * STAR_SCALING_FACTOR;
 
-    StarResult::Mania(DifficultyAttributes { stars })
+    DifficultyAttributes { stars }
 }
 
 /// Essentially the same as the `stars` function but instead of

src/mania/pp.rs

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ impl<'m> ManiaPP<'m> {
     pub fn calculate(self) -> PerformanceAttributes {
         let stars = self
             .stars
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| stars(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects).stars());
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| stars(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects).stars);
 
         let ez = self.mods.ez();
         let nf = self.mods.nf();

src/osu/pp.rs

@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@ pub struct OsuPP<'m> {
     n50: Option<usize>,
     n_misses: usize,
     passed_objects: Option<usize>,
-
-    effective_misses: Option<usize>,
 }
 
 impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
@@ -61,8 +59,6 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
             n50: None,
             n_misses: 0,
             passed_objects: None,
-
-            effective_misses: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -202,36 +198,82 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         self
     }
 
-    fn assert_hitresults(&mut self) {
+    fn assert_hitresults(self, attributes: DifficultyAttributes) -> OsuPPInner {
-        if self.acc.is_none() {
+        let mut n300 = self.n300;
+        let mut n100 = self.n100;
+        let mut n50 = self.n50;
+
+        let n_objects = self
+            .passed_objects
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.map.hit_objects.len());
+
+        if let Some(acc) = self.acc {
+            let n300 = n300.unwrap_or(0);
+            let n100 = n100.unwrap_or(0);
+            let n50 = n50.unwrap_or(0);
+
+            let total_hits = (n300 + n100 + n50 + self.n_misses).min(n_objects) as f32;
+
+            let effective_misses =
+                calculate_effective_misses(&attributes, self.combo, self.n_misses, total_hits);
+
+            OsuPPInner {
+                attributes,
+                mods: self.mods,
+                combo: self.combo,
+                acc,
+                n300,
+                n100,
+                n50,
+                total_hits,
+                effective_misses,
+            }
+        } else {
             let n_objects = self
                 .passed_objects
                 .unwrap_or_else(|| self.map.hit_objects.len());
 
             let remaining = n_objects
-                .saturating_sub(self.n300.unwrap_or(0))
+                .saturating_sub(n300.unwrap_or(0))
-                .saturating_sub(self.n100.unwrap_or(0))
+                .saturating_sub(n100.unwrap_or(0))
-                .saturating_sub(self.n50.unwrap_or(0))
+                .saturating_sub(n50.unwrap_or(0))
                 .saturating_sub(self.n_misses);
 
             if remaining > 0 {
-                if self.n300.is_none() {
+                if n300.is_none() {
-                    self.n300.replace(remaining);
+                    n300.replace(remaining);
-                } else if self.n100.is_none() {
+                } else if n100.is_none() {
-                    self.n100.replace(remaining);
+                    n100.replace(remaining);
-                } else if self.n50.is_none() {
+                } else if n50.is_none() {
-                    self.n50.replace(remaining);
+                    n50.replace(remaining);
                 } else {
-                    *self.n300.as_mut().unwrap() += remaining;
+                    *n300.as_mut().unwrap() += remaining;
                 }
             }
 
-            let n300 = *self.n300.get_or_insert(0);
+            let n300 = n300.unwrap_or(0);
-            let n100 = *self.n100.get_or_insert(0);
+            let n100 = n100.unwrap_or(0);
-            let n50 = *self.n50.get_or_insert(0);
+            let n50 = n50.unwrap_or(0);
 
             let numerator = n300 * 6 + n100 * 2 + n50;
-            self.acc.replace(numerator as f32 / n_objects as f32 / 6.0);
+            let acc = numerator as f32 / n_objects as f32 / 6.0;
+
+            let total_hits = (n300 + n100 + n50 + self.n_misses).min(n_objects) as f32;
+
+            let effective_misses =
+                calculate_effective_misses(&attributes, self.combo, self.n_misses, total_hits);
+
+            OsuPPInner {
+                attributes,
+                mods: self.mods,
+                combo: self.combo,
+                acc,
+                n300,
+                n100,
+                n50,
+                total_hits,
+                effective_misses,
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -256,6 +298,8 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         self.calculate_with_func(super::all_included::stars)
     }
 
+    // TODO: import `stars` function based on features
+
     // Omits an unnecessary error when enabled features are invalid
     #[cfg(not(any(
         feature = "no_leniency",
@@ -268,46 +312,56 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
 
     fn calculate_with_func(
         mut self,
-        stars_func: impl FnOnce(&Beatmap, u32, Option<usize>) -> StarResult,
+        stars_func: impl FnOnce(&Beatmap, u32, Option<usize>) -> DifficultyAttributes,
     ) -> PerformanceAttributes {
-        if self.attributes.is_none() {
+        let attributes = self
-            let attributes = stars_func(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects)
+            .attributes
-                .attributes()
+            .take()
-                .unwrap();
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| stars_func(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects));
-            self.attributes.replace(attributes);
+
+        self.assert_hitresults(attributes).calculate()
+    }
 }
 
-        // Make sure the hitresults and accuracy are set
+struct OsuPPInner {
-        self.assert_hitresults();
+    attributes: DifficultyAttributes,
+    mods: u32,
+    combo: Option<usize>,
+    acc: f32,
 
-        let total_hits = self.total_hits() as f32;
+    n300: usize,
+    n100: usize,
+    n50: usize,
+
+    total_hits: f32,
+    effective_misses: usize,
+}
+
+impl OsuPPInner {
+    fn calculate(mut self) -> PerformanceAttributes {
         let mut multiplier = 1.12;
 
-        self.calculate_effective_misses(total_hits);
-
         // NF penalty
         if self.mods.nf() {
-            multiplier *= (1.0 - 0.02 * self.effective_misses.map_or(0.0, |m| m as f32)).max(0.9);
+            multiplier *= (1.0 - 0.02 * (self.effective_misses as f32)).max(0.9);
         }
 
         // SO penalty
         if self.mods.so() {
-            let n_spinners = self.attributes.as_ref().unwrap().n_spinners;
+            let n_spinners = self.attributes.n_spinners;
-            multiplier *= 1.0 - (n_spinners as f32 / total_hits).powf(0.85);
+            multiplier *= 1.0 - (n_spinners as f32 / self.total_hits).powf(0.85);
         }
 
         // Relax penalty
         if self.mods.rx() {
-            *self.effective_misses.as_mut().unwrap() +=
+            self.effective_misses += self.n100 + self.n50;
-                self.n100.unwrap_or(0) + self.n50.unwrap_or(0);
-
             multiplier *= 0.6;
         }
 
-        let aim_value = self.compute_aim_value(total_hits);
+        let aim_value = self.compute_aim_value();
-        let speed_value = self.compute_speed_value(total_hits);
+        let speed_value = self.compute_speed_value();
-        let acc_value = self.compute_accuracy_value(total_hits);
+        let acc_value = self.compute_accuracy_value();
-        let flashlight_value = self.compute_flashlight_value(total_hits);
+        let flashlight_value = self.compute_flashlight_value();
 
         let pp = (aim_value.powf(1.1)
             + speed_value.powf(1.1)
@@ -317,7 +371,7 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
             * multiplier;
 
         PerformanceAttributes {
-            attributes: self.attributes.unwrap(),
+            attributes: self.attributes,
             pp_acc: aim_value,
             pp_aim: aim_value,
             pp_flashlight: flashlight_value,
@@ -326,8 +380,9 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn compute_aim_value(&self, total_hits: f32) -> f32 {
+    fn compute_aim_value(&self) -> f32 {
-        let attributes = self.attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+        let attributes = &self.attributes;
+        let total_hits = self.total_hits;
 
         // TD penalty
         let raw_aim = if self.mods.td() {
@@ -345,7 +400,7 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         aim_value *= len_bonus;
 
         // Penalize misses
-        let effective_misses = self.effective_misses.map_or(0, |m| m as i32);
+        let effective_misses = self.effective_misses as i32;
         if effective_misses > 0 {
             aim_value *= 0.97
                 * (1.0 - (effective_misses as f32 / total_hits).powf(0.775)).powi(effective_misses);
@@ -376,14 +431,15 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         aim_value *= ar_bonus;
 
         // Scale with accuracy
-        aim_value *= 0.5 + self.acc.unwrap() / 2.0;
+        aim_value *= 0.5 + self.acc / 2.0;
         aim_value *= 0.98 + attributes.od * attributes.od / 2500.0;
 
         aim_value
     }
 
-    fn compute_speed_value(&self, total_hits: f32) -> f32 {
+    fn compute_speed_value(&self) -> f32 {
-        let attributes = self.attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+        let attributes = &self.attributes;
+        let total_hits = self.total_hits;
 
         let mut speed_value =
             (5.0 * (attributes.speed_strain / 0.0675).max(1.0) - 4.0).powi(3) / 100_000.0;
@@ -395,7 +451,7 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         speed_value *= len_bonus;
 
         // Penalize misses
-        let effective_misses = self.effective_misses.map_or(0.0, |m| m as f32);
+        let effective_misses = self.effective_misses as f32;
         if effective_misses > 0.0 {
             speed_value *= 0.97
                 * (1.0 - (effective_misses / total_hits).powf(0.775))
@@ -425,31 +481,29 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
 
         // Scaling the speed value with accuracy and OD
         let od_factor = 0.95 + attributes.od * attributes.od / 750.0;
-        let acc_factor = self
+        let acc_factor = self.acc.powf((14.5 - attributes.od.max(8.0)) / 2.0);
-            .acc
-            .unwrap()
-            .powf((14.5 - attributes.od.max(8.0)) / 2.0);
         speed_value *= od_factor * acc_factor;
 
         // Penalize n50s
         speed_value *= 0.98_f32.powf(
-            (self.n50.unwrap_or(0) as f32 >= total_hits / 500.0) as u8 as f32
+            (self.n50 as f32 >= total_hits / 500.0) as u8 as f32
-                * (self.n50.unwrap_or(0) as f32 - total_hits / 500.0),
+                * (self.n50 as f32 - total_hits / 500.0),
         );
 
         speed_value
     }
 
-    fn compute_accuracy_value(&self, total_hits: f32) -> f32 {
+    fn compute_accuracy_value(&self) -> f32 {
         if self.mods.rx() {
             return 0.0;
         }
 
-        let attributes = self.attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+        let attributes = &self.attributes;
+        let total_hits = self.total_hits;
         let n_circles = attributes.n_circles as f32;
-        let n300 = self.n300.unwrap_or(0) as f32;
+        let n300 = self.n300 as f32;
-        let n100 = self.n100.unwrap_or(0) as f32;
+        let n100 = self.n100 as f32;
-        let n50 = self.n50.unwrap_or(0) as f32;
+        let n50 = self.n50 as f32;
 
         let better_acc_percentage = (n_circles > 0.0) as u8 as f32
             * (((n300 - (total_hits - n_circles)) * 6.0 + n100 * 2.0 + n50) / (n_circles * 6.0))
@@ -473,12 +527,13 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
         acc_value
     }
 
-    fn compute_flashlight_value(&self, total_hits: f32) -> f32 {
+    fn compute_flashlight_value(&self) -> f32 {
         if !self.mods.fl() {
             return 0.0;
         }
 
-        let attributes = self.attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
+        let attributes = &self.attributes;
+        let total_hits = self.total_hits;
 
         // TD penalty
         let raw_flashlight = if self.mods.td() {
@@ -496,7 +551,7 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
 
         // Penalize misses by assessing # of misses relative to the total # of objects.
         // Default a 3% reduction for any # of misses
-        let effective_misses = self.effective_misses.map_or(0.0, |m| m as f32);
+        let effective_misses = self.effective_misses as f32;
         if effective_misses > 0.0 {
             flashlight_value *= 0.97
                 * (1.0 - (effective_misses / total_hits).powf(0.775))
@@ -514,25 +569,28 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
             + (total_hits > 200.0) as u8 as f32 * (0.2 * ((total_hits - 200.0) / 200.0).min(1.0));
 
         // Scale the aim value with accuracy _slightly_
-        flashlight_value *= 0.5 + self.acc.unwrap() / 2.0;
+        flashlight_value *= 0.5 + self.acc / 2.0;
 
         // It is important to also consider accuracy difficulty when doing that
         flashlight_value *= 0.98 + attributes.od * attributes.od / 2500.0;
 
         flashlight_value
     }
+}
 
-    fn calculate_effective_misses(&mut self, total_hits: f32) {
+fn calculate_effective_misses(
+    attributes: &DifficultyAttributes,
+    combo: Option<usize>,
+    n_misses: usize,
+    total_hits: f32,
+) -> usize {
     // Guess the number of misses + slider breaks from combo
     let mut combo_based_misses: f32 = 0.0;
 
-        let attributes = self.attributes.as_ref().unwrap();
-
     if attributes.n_sliders > 0 {
-            let full_combo_threshold =
+        let full_combo_threshold = attributes.max_combo as f32 - 0.1 * attributes.n_sliders as f32;
-                attributes.max_combo as f32 - 0.1 * attributes.n_sliders as f32;
 
-            let f32_combo = self.combo.map(|c| c as f32);
+        let f32_combo = combo.map(|c| c as f32);
 
         if let Some(combo) = f32_combo.filter(|&c| c < full_combo_threshold) {
             combo_based_misses = full_combo_threshold / combo.max(1.0);
@@ -543,18 +601,7 @@ impl<'m> OsuPP<'m> {
     // can be higher than total hits and that breaks some calculations
     combo_based_misses = combo_based_misses.min(total_hits);
 
-        self.effective_misses = Some(self.n_misses.max(combo_based_misses.floor() as usize))
+    n_misses.max(combo_based_misses.floor() as usize)
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    fn total_hits(&self) -> usize {
-        let n_objects = self
-            .passed_objects
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.map.hit_objects.len());
-
-        (self.n300.unwrap_or(0) + self.n100.unwrap_or(0) + self.n50.unwrap_or(0) + self.n_misses)
-            .min(n_objects)
-    }
 }
 
 pub trait OsuAttributeProvider {
@@ -666,24 +713,21 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn osu_missing_objects() {
         let map = Beatmap::default();
+        let attributes = DifficultyAttributes::default();
 
         let total_objects = 1234;
         let n300 = 1000;
         let n100 = 200;
         let n50 = 30;
 
-        let mut calculator = OsuPP::new(&map)
+        let calculator = OsuPP::new(&map)
             .passed_objects(total_objects)
             .n300(n300)
             .n100(n100)
-            .n50(n50);
+            .n50(n50)
+            .assert_hitresults(attributes);
 
-        calculator.assert_hitresults();
+        let n_objects = calculator.n300 + calculator.n100 + calculator.n50;
-
-        let n_objects = calculator.n300.unwrap()
-            + calculator.n100.unwrap()
-            + calculator.n50.unwrap()
-            + calculator.n_misses;
 
         assert_eq!(
             total_objects, n_objects,

src/osu/versions/all_included/mod.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use skill::Skill;
 use skill_kind::SkillKind;
 use slider_state::SliderState;
 
-use crate::{Beatmap, Mods, StarResult, Strains};
+use crate::{Beatmap, Mods, Strains};
 
 const OBJECT_RADIUS: f32 = 64.0;
 const SECTION_LEN: f32 = 400.0;
@@ -37,7 +37,11 @@ const STACK_DISTANCE: f32 = 3.0;
 /// most precise results.
 ///
 /// In case of a partial play, e.g. a fail, one can specify the amount of passed objects.
-pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> StarResult {
+pub fn stars(
+    map: &Beatmap,
+    mods: impl Mods,
+    passed_objects: Option<usize>,
+) -> DifficultyAttributes {
     let take = passed_objects.unwrap_or_else(|| map.hit_objects.len());
 
     let map_attributes = map.attributes().mods(mods);
@@ -53,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
     };
 
     if take < 2 {
-        return StarResult::Osu(diff_attributes);
+        return diff_attributes;
     }
 
     let mut raw_ar = map.ar;
@@ -230,7 +234,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
     diff_attributes.aim_strain = aim_rating;
     diff_attributes.flashlight_rating = flashlight_rating;
 
-    StarResult::Osu(diff_attributes)
+    diff_attributes
 }
 
 /// Essentially the same as the `stars` function but instead of

src/osu/versions/no_leniency/mod.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use skill::Skill;
 use skill_kind::SkillKind;
 use slider_state::SliderState;
 
-use crate::{Beatmap, Mods, StarResult, Strains};
+use crate::{Beatmap, Mods, Strains};
 
 const OBJECT_RADIUS: f32 = 64.0;
 const SECTION_LEN: f32 = 400.0;
@@ -37,7 +37,11 @@ const NORMALIZED_RADIUS: f32 = 52.0;
 /// processing stack leniency is relatively expensive.
 ///
 /// In case of a partial play, e.g. a fail, one can specify the amount of passed objects.
-pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> StarResult {
+pub fn stars(
+    map: &Beatmap,
+    mods: impl Mods,
+    passed_objects: Option<usize>,
+) -> DifficultyAttributes {
     let take = passed_objects.unwrap_or_else(|| map.hit_objects.len());
 
     let map_attributes = map.attributes().mods(mods);
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
     };
 
     if take < 2 {
-        return StarResult::Osu(diff_attributes);
+        return diff_attributes;
     }
 
     let radius = OBJECT_RADIUS * (1.0 - 0.7 * (map_attributes.cs - 5.0) / 5.0) / 2.0;
@@ -201,7 +205,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
     diff_attributes.n_spinners = map.n_spinners as usize;
     diff_attributes.stars = star_rating;
 
-    StarResult::Osu(diff_attributes)
+    diff_attributes
 }
 
 /// Essentially the same as the `stars` function but instead of

src/osu/versions/no_sliders_no_leniency/mod.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use skill::Skill;
 use skill_kind::SkillKind;
 use slider_state::SliderState;
 
-use crate::{parse::HitObjectKind, Beatmap, Mods, StarResult, Strains};
+use crate::{parse::HitObjectKind, Beatmap, Mods, Strains};
 
 const OBJECT_RADIUS: f32 = 64.0;
 const SECTION_LEN: f32 = 400.0;
@@ -34,7 +34,11 @@ const NORMALIZED_RADIUS: f32 = 52.0;
 /// However, this is the most efficient one.
 ///
 /// In case of a partial play, e.g. a fail, one can specify the amount of passed objects.
-pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> StarResult {
+pub fn stars(
+    map: &Beatmap,
+    mods: impl Mods,
+    passed_objects: Option<usize>,
+) -> DifficultyAttributes {
     let take = passed_objects.unwrap_or_else(|| map.hit_objects.len());
 
     let attributes = map.attributes().mods(mods);
@@ -42,12 +46,12 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
     let od = (80.0 - hit_window) / 6.0;
 
     if take < 2 {
-        return StarResult::Osu(DifficultyAttributes {
+        return DifficultyAttributes {
             ar: attributes.ar,
             hp: attributes.hp,
             od,
             ..Default::default()
-        });
+        };
     }
 
     let radius = OBJECT_RADIUS * (1.0 - 0.7 * (attributes.cs - 5.0) / 5.0) / 2.0;
@@ -194,7 +198,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
         0.0
     };
 
-    StarResult::Osu(DifficultyAttributes {
+    DifficultyAttributes {
         stars: star_rating,
         ar: attributes.ar,
         hp: attributes.hp,
@@ -206,7 +210,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
         n_circles: map.n_circles as usize,
         n_spinners: map.n_spinners as usize,
         n_sliders: map.n_sliders as usize,
-    })
+    }
 }
 
 /// Essentially the same as the `stars` function but instead of

src/taiko/mod.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use skill::Skill;
 use skill_kind::SkillKind;
 use stamina_cheese::StaminaCheeseDetector;
 
-use crate::{Beatmap, Mods, StarResult, Strains};
+use crate::{Beatmap, Mods, Strains};
 
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
 use std::f32::consts::PI;
@@ -32,11 +32,15 @@ const STAMINA_SKILL_MULTIPLIER: f32 = 0.02;
 /// Star calculation for osu!taiko maps.
 ///
 /// In case of a partial play, e.g. a fail, one can specify the amount of passed objects.
-pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> StarResult {
+pub fn stars(
+    map: &Beatmap,
+    mods: impl Mods,
+    passed_objects: Option<usize>,
+) -> DifficultyAttributes {
     let take = passed_objects.unwrap_or_else(|| map.hit_objects.len());
 
     if take < 2 {
-        return StarResult::Taiko(DifficultyAttributes { stars: 0.0 });
+        return DifficultyAttributes { stars: 0.0 };
     }
 
     // True if the object at that index is stamina cheese
@@ -116,7 +120,7 @@ pub fn stars(map: &Beatmap, mods: impl Mods, passed_objects: Option<usize>) -> S
 
     let stars = rescale(1.4 * separate_rating + 0.5 * combined_rating);
 
-    StarResult::Taiko(DifficultyAttributes { stars })
+    DifficultyAttributes { stars }
 }
 
 /// Essentially the same as the `stars` function but instead of

src/taiko/pp.rs

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ impl<'m> TaikoPP<'m> {
     pub fn calculate(mut self) -> PerformanceAttributes {
         let stars = self
             .stars
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| stars(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects).stars());
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| stars(self.map, self.mods, self.passed_objects).stars);
 
         if self.n300.or(self.n100).is_some() {
             let total = self.map.n_circles as usize;
@@ -161,6 +161,30 @@ impl<'m> TaikoPP<'m> {
             self.acc = (2 * n300 + n100) as f32 / (2 * (n300 + n100 + misses)) as f32;
         }
 
+        let inner = TaikoPPInner {
+            map: self.map,
+            stars,
+            mods: self.mods,
+            max_combo: self.max_combo,
+            acc: self.acc,
+            n_misses: self.n_misses,
+        };
+
+        inner.calculate()
+    }
+}
+
+struct TaikoPPInner<'m> {
+    map: &'m Beatmap,
+    stars: f32,
+    mods: u32,
+    max_combo: usize,
+    acc: f32,
+    n_misses: usize,
+}
+
+impl<'m> TaikoPPInner<'m> {
+    fn calculate(self) -> PerformanceAttributes {
         let mut multiplier = 1.1;
 
         if self.mods.nf() {
@@ -171,13 +195,13 @@ impl<'m> TaikoPP<'m> {
             multiplier *= 1.1;
         }
 
-        let strain_value = self.compute_strain_value(stars);
+        let strain_value = self.compute_strain_value(self.stars);
         let acc_value = self.compute_accuracy_value();
 
         let pp = (strain_value.powf(1.1) + acc_value.powf(1.1)).powf(1.0 / 1.1) * multiplier;
 
         PerformanceAttributes {
-            attributes: DifficultyAttributes { stars },
+            attributes: DifficultyAttributes { stars: self.stars },
             pp,
             pp_acc: acc_value,
             pp_strain: strain_value,